From what I’ve read, higher gain has a flatter “donut” of radiation. It’ll get farther but not nearly as high. Whereas, let’s say 3dB gain, is a happy compromise between horizontal and vertical “reach”. When I’m out west, everyone has 6dB gain antennas because the prairies are flat. They can reach distances I can’t with 3, all else being equal.
To bring back an earlier statement in this thread, I did some asking around and it seems that 5/8 wave is the general consensus although a few POC’s said they have 1/4 wave antennas for specific regions/situations. They didn’t elaborate on what those were.