I'm sure that your theory is valid, thanks. But I think this map https://www.scadacore.com/tools/rf-path/rf-line-of-sight/ program is my core issue. When I plug in my location and my son's I get red with my antenna less than 7 meters and his less than 2 meters tall. I located my antenna in the attic at a little over 8 meters high on a 15 inch pizza pan for a ground plane. When I test I'm in a honda accord with the antenna on the roof, which is probably very close to 2 meters high. We can hear each other and understand most of what's said but it's noisy and can get garbled at times. I'm going to get his antenna off the ground by a couple more meters first thing. If that gets improvement, but not enough, I'll get him a taller antenna (still undecided on what) and better cabling. My plan is to get our tech licenses and then broadcast vhf or uhf to a local repeater, which I can easily hit with my ladder line antenna and my baofeng. So, knowing that, I'm trying to upgrade his antenna once, and not buy a GMRS specific base antenna. Looks like Trams are tunable, but not sure about others at this point. I originally had looked at elk and arrow because they seem to be pretty wide band and are directional. I figured with those, I may be able to get away with one antenna buy for him. Stay tuned for new results and keep the comments coming guys, I appreciate the help. I am disappointed that there don't seem to be any open repeaters in Columbus Ohio. When I checked the repeater section here, it showed 2. Both say private only and one says its down.