SteveShannon

Sure there is: EIA/TIA-603-E

Motorola invented PL tones, other companies added tones. There’s more to it than simply picking tones out of a hat. Read the history on Wikipedia: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_Tone-Coded_Squelch_System

Some radios have a wake up feature that allow you to use CTCSS or DTCSS to get through the repeater and then separately send eith a two tone, five tone, or DTMF sequence to wake up a radio. That’s more commonly available than using two different CTCSS or DTCSS tones. Most inexpensive radios cannot send two different CTCSS or DTCSS tones and whatever tones are required by the repeater are continuously needed. Look for 2-tone or 5-tone settings in the instructions and make sure someone has been able to use them successfully. On the forums recently someone was trying to do the same thing without success.

They could, and many of us feel that “open access “ means no permission is required. But, the courteous thing to do is to acknowledge the generosity of the repeater owner and thank them. A repeater owner doesn’t “need” to grant access, but because they are responsible for the use of their repeater it makes sense to at least be aware of who’s using it. A repeater owner has responsibilities under the regulations: § 95.1705 Individual licenses required; eligibility; who may operate; cooperative use. (d) Individual licensee duties. The holder of an individual license: (1) Shall determine specifically which individuals, including family members, are allowed to operate (i.e., exercise operational control over) its GMRS station(s) (see paragraph (c) of this section); (2) May allow any person to use (i.e., benefit from the operation of) its GMRS repeater, or alternatively, may limit the use of its GMRS repeater to specific persons; (3) May disallow the use of its GMRS repeater by specific persons as may be necessary to carry out its responsibilities under this section.

Kenny was just saying that the negative/ground wire doesn’t have to be run through the firewall because there are established chassis ground points that are nearer, reducing ground wire length, voltage drop, and potential to pick up interference. The positive wire should still be run like you did, to the battery.

There was nothing wrong with your attempt except compared to some I’ve read it didn’t seen over the top at all. . I guess my humor was desensed.

What do you mean “serious emergency comms”? Who do you think you will talk to if a riot breaks out at your 8 year old daughter’s soccer game? Riots don’t interrupt cell phones; call 911.

We hams always have the same answer when we don’t know: Try it! Honestly I think it should work.

I would return the antenna. Some poor quality antennas either short the center lead to the shield when installed or leave the center lead disconnected from the antenna element.

1-7 are authorized for 20 kHz 8-14 are authorized for 12.5 kHz 15-30 are authorized for 20 kHz

You posted exactly the same question 9 hours ago in General Discussions. I didn’t know the answer then. You might want to explain what ASL is for those of us who don’t know, although presumably the folks who can answer your question will know. I’m pretty sure you don’t mean American Sign Language. Good luck getting an answer.

And it’s flaky ever since.

Guest John, I don’t see where you are but NOAA stations go down and come back up from time to time. Look on their website to see if the one in your area is offline. That’s especially possible since you said you could hear it and then it just stopped. The one near Bakersfield was offline recently. This shows their outages: https://www.weather.gov/nwr/outages

A dipole, as used as the driven element in most Yagi antennas, presents an impedance of about 72 ohms. Four of them in parallel, without using some sort of impedance matching splitter, would be 1/4 of 72 or 18 ohms.

Unfortunately the TYT TH-9800 doesn’t have SSB, if that’s important to you.

Yes, you could have even before getting a license Just say your call sign once in a great while. You don’t have to spell it out. And if you neglect saying it probably nobody will notice. Push the button and talk.

Tropospheric ducting.

Welcome!

Crazy Eagle, if you don’t have the repeater input codes set correctly people listening on repeaters won’t hear you. Take a look at Notarubicon videos. They’re the most complete videos that explain GMRS. Calling CQ isn’t really a thing on GMRS. Welcome to the forum!

Not quite that far.

Don’t overthink it. Buy one and use it. Your hands-on use will tell you more than our analysis ever could.

I think that those “altered elements” can be explained as notes that people made for themselves.

Simulate them using mmana or eznec. The amount of power delivered to the array is fixed so using a splitter will result in only 25% of the power being delivered to each antenna. Without some kind of splitter you’ll have to figure out how to match the impedance an 18 ohm cluster of antennas to your radio. The propagation pattern coming from four Yagi antennas will not be nearly as circular as from a phased array of folded dipoles; I think you’ll have four large lobes with areas of cancellation between. But simulating them will tell you for sure. It’s an interesting idea, but if your goal is to create a circular pattern horizontally, start with an antenna that emits a circular pattern horizontally and use vertical phasing to increase the gain relative to the vertical axis.

Make a post saying which repeaters are bogus then click on the three dots in the upper right corner and choose Report.

Are you certain you’re dialing all the digits? Dialing fewer would result in a dead line like you described.