
KAF6045
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Everything posted by KAF6045
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NMO antenna mounts expect to see a flat metal ground-plane (eg: center of a metal roof) to provide the (virtual) lower half of the quarter-wave antenna. Fitting one to the top of a pole on the tailgate may not provide a suitable ground plane, or at best a very weird directional pattern (into the sky diagonally opposite, and into the ground behind it if it sees the vehicle as a ground-plane). I can't really say how an NMO mount will behave when remote from any real ground-plane -- the closest I ever got to that situation was a Yaesu ATAS-100/120 which attached directly to a clamp-on lip-mount, which meant the base of the antenna was next to the lift-gate metal, using the lift-gate and side panels of the Cherokee as ground-plane, with the whip sticking above the roof-line on 2m/70cm... On 40m the screwdriver lifted the main body about 18 inches to activate the base loading coil (and putting the whip really up high -- but in all cases the /base/ of the antenna was directly next to the ground-plane sheet metal).
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While the Uniden is a trunking compatible scanner if you are in an area going to statewide trunked, any of the interesting stuff may have gone encrypted (MI finished converting to encrypted P25 last year -- my scanner now spends its time scanner empty frequencies with the occasional SAME weather alerts). CA is also an encrypted statewide system, but there is a lawsuit to get them to go unencrypted (FOIA?). GMRS started life as a radio service for families (large farms, where there'd be a base at the farmhouse, and mobile/portables for family working the fields, for example -- the "immediate family" coverage used to include "and dwelling with the license holder) and small businesses. One license covered all users. Repeaters tended to be private/closed and one had to ask the owner for permission and CTCSS tones. It was rare to talk from one licensee to another; base stations were not permitted to talk to other base stations. So far all I've heard on my mobile has been kiddies with FRS bubble packs, and what I think might be a business running multiple paid parking lots in Grand Rapids (a grandfathered license as the FCC no longer issues business GMRS licenses), and maybe some furniture store staging purchases for pick-up. I was licensed back when a top-rated (but not Motorola class commercial) HT was the Maxon GMRS 210+3 which had the 7 interstitials, the FCC defined Emergency frequency, and two slots for the TWO frequency pairs one had requested when applying for their license -- this at a time when many GMRS HTs only had A & B channel toggle (since one could only be licensed for two main channels). Hence my 3A4D call sign.
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Newbie needs help with Midland MXT575
KAF6045 replied to SargeDiesel's question in Technical Discussion
Can't help on the NMO... Unless the ancient dual band amateur antenna and clamp-on mount I'd used on a Plymouth Laser RS Turbo, back in the 90s had one. The ATAS-100/120 (40m-70cm screwdriver) I used on a Jeep Cherokee (99-last year, when it was totaled in a roll-over accident) was "UHF" (PL-259/SO-239) style. The rust-bucket I'm now driving has mag-mounts for GMRS and CB, and a Larsen window-glass mount with dual-band antenna that just has a small threaded post with O-ring that the whip screws down against. In this case, the O-ring is obviously a weather-shield keeping rain from corroding the threaded fitting when the antenna is on. -
Only since the 2017 reorganization -- which resulted in FRS being allowed up to 2W and access to simplex GMRS main channels; all to cater to the pre-2017 bubble-pack buyers who never read the license needed for specific channels. And didn't cover two of my ancient bubble-pack sets (A Midland set with THREE power levels, where High is >2W, and a Motorola set with repeater access capability). Original FRS was only allowed on the GMRS 462MHz interstitials AND on what was then FRS-only 467MHz interstitials -- using NFM, and half watt. After the reorganization, GMRS HTs with a low-power setting of 0.5W are allowed on the 467MHz interstitials, using NFM. (Technically 0.5W ERP, so having a gain antenna violates that regulation ? | and regulations also applied an ERP criteria for the 5W GMRS interstitials, but I haven't seen any "real" GMRS radio that prevents a gain antenna [the Retevis RA85 has a fixed antenna -- making it a glorified over-powered bubble pack radio ?)
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Typically one has a choice of only sending the tone needed by the repeater, or of also requiring the repeater to send a tone back to you. TONE (CT on some radios) is sending only to the repeater. ToneSql (TSQL, CTCSS) is sending the tone to the repeater AND requiring the repeater to be sending a tone back to you -- otherwise your end won't open squelch, and you will not hear the repeater. Since most GMRS repeaters I've seen listed are sending a tone, TSQL is usually a safe selection. DTCS doesn't use a "tone" per se, but encodes a numeric value into whatever tones it sends. Except in some rare "cross mode" instances, you will either be using "tone/TSQL" OR "DTCS/Rx DTCS"
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Unfortunately, I don't think FCC Part 95 archives exist on the net. We're talking regulations from before 1995. My reference is "General Mobile Radio Service National Repeater Guide 10th Edition" from the (defunct) "Personal Radio Steering Group". From Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_distress_frequency#Other_frequencies In those days, a GMRS license authorized one to use TWO (out of 8, selected by licensee on application) main Frequencies (one didn't refer to channel numbers, but to the .XXX part of the frequency). Most all GMRS radios (part 90 business types) just had an A/B toggle to select between the two frequencies. It was recommended that one include the .675 frequency as one of the channels. The Maxon GMRS 210+3 HT was somewhat hot in 1994/1995 as it had 10 channels -- the somewhat recently created interstitials (what are now channels 1-7), channel 8 was the .675 frequency as it was legal to use that frequency for emergency/traveller assistance even if it was NOT one of the two frequencies listed on one's license, and channels 9&10 -- which were to be programmed by a radio shop for the two frequencies on one's license (but Maxon shipped the 6 page programming manual with the radio; programming consisted of taking the back cover off the radio, pressing a micro-button switch, then dialing up the first frequency for channel 9, then pressing the button again to dial up the frequency for channel 10). Duplex/Simplex was handled by a front-panel button. If .675 was listed on the license, the licensee could use it for routine traffic, not just emergency/traveller assistance.
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What type of numbering scheme does that radio use? "E21"??? I have no idea how you are numbering those channels. What does x-10 & x-25 represent? Other than that you have them set for TSQL (both send and RECEIVE the tone to be active). You seem to have repeated each simplex channel three times with NO-TONE, TSQL, TSQL with what appears to be randomly selected CTCSS tones. Personally, I'd have clustered the NO-TONE channels first, followed by repeater channels; essentially, the stock bare-bones 30 (less 8-14, so occupying 23 slots) -- and then put any customized tone channels after them. AS an aside, the BTech GMRS-V1 has 128 channel slots... BUT ONLY 1-30 will transmit on GMRS frequencies! Slots 31-128 are receive only/scanner slots. The -V2 model "fixed" that -- any slot can be programmed for GMRS frequencies, and will transmit on that frequency. In the 2017 reorganization, the standard channel numbers are... 1-7 FM(wide), up to 5W ERP, interstitials 8-14 NFM, up to 0.5W ERP, 467MHZ (FRS) interstitials (Judging by what is shown, you don't have any of these -- I'll presume a mobile rig that only goes to 5W low-power) 15-22 FM(wide), up to 50W output, main/primary channels 23-30 (alternately some variant of RP15-22, 15-22R, etc.) FM(wide), up to 50W output, main/primary repeater shift. ... which may align with what you are using, but the naming is, as mentioned, confusing. So... First step is to set ALL the channels you list to FM(wide), just to minimize incompatibilities with REAL GMRS radios. If you want to set up auxiliary channels JUST for NFM for contact with FRS radios, I'd put them at the end of the memory. Have you confirmed that the HTs aren't just accepting anything -- that is: set different tones on them and confirm that they do not open squelch on the other unit. TSQL (CTCSS), on most of the programmers I have say the radio will send the specified tone, and requires the specified tone on receive. TONE (CT), means the radio will send the specified tone, but does not require a tone for receive. DCS is a totally different system -- digital coded squelch. Rather then sending a single tone, it sends a binary sequence representing the selected number. FYI: in the old days, 462.675/467.675 was an FCC designated emergency/traveller assistance frequency, and many repeaters allowed access using, I think, 141.3 tone. If you can't transmit tones on 15+ (including repeater config) you will not be able to access any repeaters -- pretty much all of them require a tone to access. Having said all that -- it very much sounds more like the fault is in the HTs, not the mobile unit. They seem optimized to be set up for 6 or so "preset" (A-F) channel configurations (allowing the same frequency to be used multiple times but with different tone settings) rather than allowing direct access to any of the GMRS/FRS channels.
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Newbie needs help with Midland MXT575
KAF6045 replied to SargeDiesel's question in Technical Discussion
For completeness -- ALL channels... INCLUDING the repeater inputs since they are 5MHz up from the simplex frequencies. However, you could probably skip the interstitials (in the current numbering scheme: 1-7, limit to 5W ERP) as they fall midway between the main channels. That leaves the main simplex channels (15-22) and the repeater channels (which may appear as 23-30, or as 15-22 with some indicator of repeater mode: rp15, 15R, etc.). If your primary usage will be via repeaters, having a low SWR on the repeater channels will be more desirable. If you will be using simplex and repeaters, you'll have to compromise. Try to match simplex 22 and repeater 15 in SWR (simplex 15 and repeater 22 will be the worst SWRs, since you are tuning to put the minimum SWR around 464/465MHz, which is not a GMRS frequency band on its own, but midway between simplex and repeater frequencies. This is where a standalone antenna analyzer (or a VNA -- though I don't have experience with those yet; mine arrived today, with the power switch in the ON position, so the battery is extremely dead with NO battery included [I've never seen a "standard flat-top 18650" locally -- button top and worse, protection circuit on some], and I hope it will charge). One: these devices don't spew high power RF, running in microWatt levels. Two: they let you sweep the frequency range while watching a needle and/or LCD display of SWR so you can rapidly get an idea of where the min-SWR is, and what the <2.0 bandwidth covers (Antenna analyzers tend to use of rotary dial to manually sweep, VNAs normally do the sweep via programmed parameters, and display graphically). You would 1: need a calibrated RF signal source to validate your power meter reading and 2: a reasonable dummy load for the power and frequency range (a 300W dummy load can only operate for half a minute at 300W before giving it a multiple minute cool-down; same unit is good for 3 minutes at 50W before cool-down. At less then 25W it can pretty much go on forever). You probably won't see a full "advertised" power. Especially when that power level is also an FCC legal maximum output power (whereas the common 100W Amateur rig is not limited that way -- since 1500W is the legal max). Manufacturers may set the max to some level below the 50 (a few watts) just to ensure compliance with FCC regulations. There is also just unit to unit differences -- if the final check-out technician is having a bad day, they may not spend much time tweaking the final output levels and consider anything under 50W is good. A few watts is insignificant. If I recall, to double the received signal strength (2 S-units on a meter?), one has to use something like 10X the power (I need to restudy my technical books. If a 5W signal brings up half the s-meter, going to 50W is likely to only tick one or two more dots on the uncalibrated LCD meters most units display. I have a BTech GMRS-V2 -- advertised as 5W HT... My last test showed something between 2.5 and 3.5W. In contrast, my GMRS-V1 (a 2W design) showed around 2.5W. The main feature of coax is that it is supposed to be shielded from outside electrical noise. The RF signal goes up the center conductor, and ideally tends to be balanced by the /inside/ of the braided shield (this is a much simplified description). Noise tends to be induced on the outside of the braided shield where is should be grounded out at the radio. Twin-lead has lower losses, but has to be kept a few inches away from any metal, much less something carrying electricity. The zip-tie somewhat concerns me.. How TIGHT are they? You don't want to squeeze the coax and the inner insulator may deform, putting the shield closer to the center conductor... And that will become an impedance bump (SWR affect -- maybe small but...). For my install, I bought some canisters (10ft lengths, at O'Reilly) of split-tubing plastic conduit. Press the cables in through the split, then use cable clamps or zip-ties to hold the conduit in place. Icom ID-5100 transceiver installed in the under-bed well. The conduit has a few inches of antenna cable, power cables, external speaker cable, microphone cable, and control head cable. The speaker, microphone, and control head cables split off at the driver's seat to go in to the central console (actually, I should double check. The speaker is mounted just behind console, but did I run control cables along central console, or with power cables and split off at the driver's kick panel? Just to get more on topic -- those are the GMRS and CB (both mag-mount antennas) which run up the right side until passenger seat, then cross over to central console. -
Unfortunately, while CHIRP has entries for TID and TIDRADIO, neither offers up the GM-5R as an option. The radio does support (if I read the adverts) available channels so you don't have to customize the core 30 (unless you really want to). Use the programming cable and the company programmer to make things easy. I suggest the first step would be to /download/ the radio configuration and save it as "factory.<whatever>", just so you can restore a fresh situation without having to invoke a front-panel RESET ALL. Save modified configurations under informative names (or by date modified: yyyymmdd so it sorts nicely). Most programmers will present either frequency and none|+|- (though GMRS repeaters are always +) and a shift/offset (5MHz for GMRS) OR may have columns for Rx frequency AND Tx frequency, along with a choice of TONE (send only) or TSQL|CTCSS (radio sends the tone, and expects the repeater to also send the tone -- so radio stays quiet unless the tone is detected). Oh, DTC is also an option for tone. CHIRP with Retevis RA85 setup. {Note: I renamed some of the standard channels with some ancient "recommended usages" -- 462.675/467.675 used to be an FCC decreed emergency/traveller assistance channel. The "Line A" entries are the frequencies that can not be used near the Canadian border [unfortunately, Line A basically comes right down the middle of Michigan, so anything east of, and maybe including, Lansing can not use those channels].} As you can see, CHIRP is one of those with Rx frequency, offset direction, offset shift. Actual Retevis programmer (I had problems with the RA-85 software, they provided a link to the RA-685 software, which is really a dual-band Amateur version, but the software does seem to work -- and also "unlocked" even more channels: the RA-85 is billed as 60 channels -- 30 basic, and 30 available [though Retevis populates all with random tone settings], the RA-685 software goes to 128 channels and in testing, they work on the radio [I put the 16 "channels" of the RT97 repeater, as I configured it, into channels 113-128]. As you can see, this is software that expects Rx and Tx frequencies, Rx/TX tones [QT is CTCSS, DQT is DCS]. (Oh, and that software is nasty -- one can not resize the windows, so unless one runs in full screen mode, buttons and stuff gets cut off.) This gives you two different styles of specifying the same repeaters. Take what you know of your desired repeaters, and use your software to set up something similar.
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GMRS License - Required to Have On-Person?
KAF6045 replied to DuneStalker's topic in FCC Rules Discussion
I'd probably have a bigger problem... Even taking the MXT115 out of the bracket, stuffing it into a felt envelope and burying it in the "well" under the cargo bed of the rust-bucket would leave the bracket on the dash, along with a PL-259. And if they want to see the cargo well where an Icom ID-5100 box is mounted, they may investigate the envelope. (Meijer office department has three sizes of these -- "envelope" is the best name I can give them -- smallest is more a pen/pencil pouch which works great for the Icom control head; the mid-size holds the MXT115µphone, with room for the Icom microphone). Of course, I'd first have to remember to leave the CCW pistol at home -- they'd have fits with it in a locked box under the seat. ? -
Newbie needs help with Midland MXT575
KAF6045 replied to SargeDiesel's question in Technical Discussion
Mounting an antenna next to another is not recommended (besides the potential of overloading the AM/FM receiver front-end) the parallel antennas will interact and may cause SWR detuning or an inadvertent directionality of the signal. I'd suggest at least a foot of distance, more would be better. On my rust-bucket Liberty, the mag-mount that came with my MXT115 is near the front of the roof (about where the headrests of the seats, centered), a mag-mount CB antenna is about 18" behind that, and two-three feet in front of the AM/FM antenna. The 2m/70cm antenna is a glass-mount on the left (to get it away from curb-side trees when parking) rear side window (best I could do, even though they say not to mount on tinted glass -- have you seen any car that doesn't have rear&side windows tinted in the last decades?). SWR varies by frequency, and depending upon the antenna, the bandwidth for low SWR will also vary (high gain antennas often have narrower bandwidths, being more sensitive to matching frequency). Presuming channel 1 is 462.5625 and your channel 20 is 462.675, channel 6 would be the closest match for comparison -- also try low power on all that you test (for comparison; the meter may have differing sensitivity based on power). How calibrated is the meter; most consumer gear may not read "true". Also, the radio may have a "roll-back" circuit, in which it reduces output power until the reflected power is below some threshold (this is to preserve the output transistors -- if they are pushing out 50W and 5W is coming back in, the transistor is essentially running 55W). Or was your channel 20 actually the repeater mode, in which case it was 467.675MHz. I'm a bit perplexed by your channel numbers. To my knowledge, the Midland mobiles DO NOT INCLUDE CHANNEL 11. In the 2017 FRS/GMRS reorganization, the channels are defined as: 1-7 GMRS interstitials -- 5W ERP FM on 462MHz. Note: interstitials refers to these channels being created /between/ the original GMRS main channels. 8-14 FRS (allowed on GMRS handhelds) 0.5W ERP NFM on 467MHz (467 is repeater input frequencies, which is why the power is so limited) 15-22 GMRS main simplex channels; 50W out FM on 462MHz 23-30 (aka RP15-RP22 or such name variations) GMRS duplex (repeater), 50W out FM transmit on 467MHz, receive on 462MHz. Note that 1-7 are rated ERP (so are affected by antenna gain; if you have a 3dBd gain antenna, you'd have to limit the output power to <2.5 to stay within the ERP); main channels are transmitter output -- feel free to put up a 9dBd gain antenna for an effective ERP over 200W and closer to 500W!. The "middle" if all you mean is simplex would be interstitial 4, or main 18&19 (4 is between those two). But that is only considering simplex on 462MHz. You can't transmit on the middle if you try to cover both 462 and 467MHz (the "middle" would be around 464.500MHz). If you don't use repeaters, no problem (and you probably don't need to run on high power either, as low will match most upper-end hand-helds which may be what is being used in the field). If repeaters are a primary usage, you'd want to tune the antenna closer to 467MHz (but not so far as to make 462MHz unusable). Otherwise -- having duplex RP15 and simplex 22 showing similar SWRs would optimize the antenna (though you may not like either SWR, and simplex 15/RP22 will be even worse). The good news... You need to /shorten/ the antenna (though as I mentioned, maybe relocate it first before checking SWR). If the set-screws don't let you lower it enough, you can grind off a few millimeters at a time until you acceptable SWR readings. -
GMRS License - Required to Have On-Person?
KAF6045 replied to DuneStalker's topic in FCC Rules Discussion
Though you could have trouble with the GMRS if they really dig into the radios carried. Canadian GMRS regulations look a lot more like the FCC re-organized FRS regulations (Simplex only, 2W maximum, NO 467MHz channels [which are 0.5W NFM "8"-"14" on our side]). -
Besides the discontinued TH-D74A (Rx 0.1-76MHz, 76-108MHz [broadcast WFM], 108-524MHz; FM/NFM, AM, SSB), the even older and also discontinued TH-F6A spans 0.1-824MHz, 849-869MHz, 894-1300MHz; FM, AM, SSB, CW -- though the internal ferrite bar antenna isn't the best for the HF region) also supports air band. Note: Both of those also cover mil-air range (which can be interesting if you catch a Blue Angels or similar performance team). The (again, a discontinued model) Yaesu VX-8DR spans 0.5-999.9MHz (less cellular) FM and AM (no SSB).
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See... You aren't hiding? ?
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What make/model? You might find someone on this system that can guide you through the programming software (you aren't trying to do major programming from the front panel, are you?). For the most part*, GMRS radios are already set with all channels configured for no CTCSS/DCS tones, and since the interstitials (in the current standard nomenclature, these are "1"-"7" (FM, 5W ERP limit), "8"-"14" (NFM, 0.5W ERP limit), are simplex only, the only reason to set a CTCSS/DCS code on those is if your group wants to ensure they are not annoyed by kids using bubble pack FRS radios. GMRS main channels ("15"-"22" FM 50W output [not ERP] limit) simplex may also fall into that group, though you may get repeater traffic as the repeater output is the same frequency. Repeater channels ("23"-"30" or some variant of "Rp15"-"Rp22") most likely will need a CTCSS or DCS tone set to open the repeater, and usually will send the same tone back. If you have a radio that supports programming additional channels you are still limited to the same 22 frequencies, but can configure multiple repeaters that may share frequency but have different tones for access -- rather than carrying a note card around and front-panel programming to change tones as you want to change repeater. * there is at least one manufacturer that preloads all channels with essentially random selection of CTCSS or DCS tones; if one doesn't clear out those tones one is practically limited to only contacting another radio from that manufacturer ?
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GMRS License - Required to Have On-Person?
KAF6045 replied to DuneStalker's topic in FCC Rules Discussion
Considering that the FCC only provides the license as a PDF to begin with... ? The only difference is that you can download one with "official" "watermark", while any one else using ULS can only get a "reference copy" watermark -- just being able to access the ULS from your cell-phone might be considered sufficient. That said, I printed a few "official" copies, and stuffed one into the rust bucket where the mobile unit is mounted. For HTs, it likely doesn't matter as it is probably assumed the HTs are "close to" the license location. Also, the "immediate family" clause means candidate users of the units wouldn't match the licensee information anyway. The license is part of the "station records" and you probably should have a file folder at home just for GMRS paperwork ? In contrast, Amateur licenses are formatted with a section to be cut out and framed for wall hanging, and a second section for a fold-over wallet card. -
The toggle button is obscuring the range, but it looks like it is switchable between variable 0-8V and variable 0-15V... but dialing in 13.8V on that meter is going to be tricky. My 100W HF rigs are using Alinco DM-330MV units, which are selectable between fixed 13.8V and variable 5-15V... However 30A cont/32A Max may be overkill. (Lovely manual translation... Both the voltage adjust and the noise adjust [if you get radio noise from the supply, you can shift the switching frequency some to compensate] are referred to as "volume" controls!). 30/32A rear terminals for thick wire, 10A cigarette lighter socket, two sets of 5A "snap" fittings for thin wire (10&5A are on front left). For Samlex -- the 1212 is 10A max, and the 1223 is 23A max. I'd swear I have a 1212 somewhere, probably in the same mystery black hole as my MFJ-1270 packet TNC and 2m 35W amplifier (my packet station used to be a RatShack HT-202 feeding the amplifier into a twin-lead J-pole). 10A might be marginal for a 50W rig, the 1223 might be more reasonable.
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Technically, LEERN is NOT an organization. It is an acronym for Law Enforcement Emergency Radio Network. For Ohio, I find: ... And Google ONLY finds entries for Ohio. At best, I can only suggest reporting this group to actual law enforcement (state level perhaps) as "impersonating law enforcement personnel over GMRS radio frequencies". Provide any names you've captured, along with the location/area covered by the repeater they are using. {Note: there is a wide coverage repeater on "channel 16" in Grand Rapids that I've been trying to figure out... The traffic, at least for today, seemed to involve paid parking sites and whether someone had a valid permit to park in one. At first I thought it might have been the air port, since I was only a few miles from it, but when they mentioned some tie-up at an intersection it was downtown, twice as far as the air port. And again, no call signs were noticed [it may have been automated/morse while I was shopping] for a grand-fathered government or [since I think the parking lots are contracted out] business).
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You may have changed the thread title, but you can't hide... ? The main thing is that Air band is AM -- so unless the HT can receive AM it is unlikely to include that frequency range (which is actually something like 118-136MHz; MilAir is somewhere in the upper 300/lower 400MHz range, also AM mode). FM-mode-only units won't be candidates -- not even dedicated scanners if they only do FM.
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What radios do people use for MURS?
KAF6045 replied to Lscott's topic in Multi-Use Radio Service (MURS)
Don't really use MURS -- have three radios. More likely, if the family gathers, to hand out GMRS (have 5 assorted HTs, not counting some flaky pre-reorganization bubble packs that are now GMRS [one has repeater channels, other has three power levels, and I'm sure H is >2W]) and have them operate under my license ("immediate family" clause in the regulations). MURS: a pair of, essentially, bubble-pack. No makers name on it, just a model on the FCC label and that just reads "MURS 2". Only thing I find using the FCC ID is: Columbia Telecommunications Group. Even the user manual has no name. FCC accepted in 2001. BTech MURS-V1 (which claims "15 channels" -- basically three sets of five configured with different CTCSS/DCS tones -- though one can modify the tones. Haven't checked if one can duplicate frequencies within a set... -
{Blast -- sometimes I can get a quote block to "split" so I can insert comments under the appropriate text... This is not one of those times} Fiberglass roof is NO ground plane, so that should be essentially unusable. Hopefully you don't have to lengthen it much (you can always grind off part of the whip to set it deeper into the socket, but if it wants to go up where the set screws won't reach it...) I'm not really desperate for the Nano VNA -- I do have two MFJ Antenna Analyzers that cover HF-UHF (though the functions in UHF are limited compared to VHF and below). 'Tis just that manually tuning through the band and watching the SWR readout or needles move (one has LCD and needles, other is just LCD, needles are a bit easier to detect motion) is tedious. The Nano VNA was ordered for the graphical display and automated frequency sweep. Tracking information implies it has spent two days in New York "unloading".
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Most externals will pick up more than a rubber duck inside a metal cage. Also, for receive purposes, a long whip has more "surface" to capture RF, though it will tend to focus best on the frequency for which it is tuned (that RF capture will be focused perpendicular to the antenna, while other frequencies may have more capture at odd angles). Tuned for what? Midland's website indicates they ship it tuned for the 462MHz GMRS range (I'd have preferred something either in 465MHz with a bandwidth to cover both 462 and 467MHz, since one transmits on 467MHz to hit repeaters). I'm still waiting for the nanoVNA to arrive (really, China ships it to a New York port? Isn't San Diego/LA/San Francisco/Seattle closer?). Based upon scanning a users guide: select a trace, select format SWR, select CH0 Reflect, Stimulus to set start&end frequencies (460-470?), possibly modify "sweep points", calibrate, (Hmmm, the document I'm looking at doesn't seem to cover how one runs the sweep itself -- does the device just continuously run sweeps?) Look for the minimum SWR and see what frequency that aligns with... You may also want to look for the 2.0:1 points left/right of minimum as that will define the preferred bandwidth covered.
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Need a new adaptor for my Nagoya UT-72G
KAF6045 replied to WRTB501's question in Technical Discussion
Unfortunately, out-of-stock at HRO https://www.hamradio.com/detail.cfm?pid=H0-011319 SMA-F /cables/ tend to be rare (as are SO-239 cables), but I can understand not wanting to put a large SMA-SO239 https://www.hamradio.com/detail.cfm?pid=H0-010218 adapter directly on the radio. https://www.hamradio.com/detail.cfm?pid=H0-007327 is SMA-M, and rather long. An SMA gender changer/coupler isn't too much mass. https://www.amazon.com/Nisaea-Antenna-Connector-Female-Adapter/dp/B07FRGZVL9/ref=sr_1_13?crid=3OUXOOEDIJCI5&keywords=sma+adapter&qid=1660755809&s=electronics&sprefix=sma+adapter%2Celectronics%2C118&sr=1-13 (also has M-M gender changers). If you are doing much connect/disconnect work, even https://www.amazon.com/Nisaea-Connector-Female-Adapter-Cable/dp/B07FW13YYT/ref=sr_1_19?crid=3OUXOOEDIJCI5&keywords=sma+adapter&qid=1660756023&s=electronics&sprefix=sma+adapter%2Celectronics%2C118&sr=1-19 might be recommended -- SMA is only rated for a mere 500 connect/disconnect cycles, so keeping this on the radio would help save the radio SMA from wear. -
The only 462 frequencies listed by the FCC in https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-90/subpart-B are squeezed into the range 462.9375..462.99375 (6.25kHz bands -- really "narrow band"), with matching 467MHz repeater inputs. Further down it is stated that these are normally MED frequencies. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-90/subpart-N/section-90.425 covers the ID requirements. However, use of GMRS frequencies does not appear in the sections of Part-90 that I skimmed through.
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The RAR, and a standard ZIP file for this particular download, both come in at 1.96MB -- hardly anything that needs to be split up for sending. I can send 8MB files via email (with its overhead of encoding).