JeepCrawler98
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Posts posted by JeepCrawler98
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300ah full time battery operations for the home shack, servers, and repeaters; batteries are topped off by commercial power but will run off solar to keep them topped off. An LVD prevents the batteries from getting nuked in case they're drawn to empty.
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You flipped the switch! Looks good Rich; I particularly appreciate the ability to pull reports and dark mode so I don't have to wear my sunglasses at night...
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@Jwalter66 Munds Park and Glendale would be well in coverage of the Towers 575 repeater; look it up on the map - it’s on Towers mountain near Crown King. It’s a very active repeater in the area.
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The notches on even high end BpBr duplexers are actually wide enough for GMRS that you have some channel flexibility, let alone the Fumei/Jesai notch only duplexers that come with the RT97; GMRS is only 175Khz wide (195khz if you account for signal bandwidth) for the whole slice of spectrum. While you'll have best performance on one channel, it should be wide enough to allow you to move around without a massive impact.
What you're describing does sound like desense - either that duplexer was not tuned right, or it's not providing enough isolation; you really want 80dB or more - I've typically seen about 50-60 dB isolation on the Jesai/Fumei duplexer units with 4-5db insertion loss; both hurt your receive performance.
Also on repeaters; feedline and antenna can make a tremendous impact - cheap feedline or antenns can generate wideband noise when transmitting. On a normal base station, that's not really a problem, on a repeater where you're trying to listen while transmitting at the same time, that can be an issue. Think of it as you setting up a microphone to hear a pin drop from across the house while your neighbor is testing out a trunk full of subwoofers. LMR400 can be noisy over time, although freshly installed tends to be ok.
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19 minutes ago, MichaelLAX said:
Just curious:
"Price Gouging" is a rather pejorative term.
Do you perhaps mean "over-pricing" as in the shortage of resupply has artificially caused the retail price to increase?
Let's say for example, that your online store had a limited inventory of Raspberry Pi 3Bs.
You know that the cost to replace them will be higher than what you paid to originally acquire them (if you can even find a supply of replacements), so do you sell them at their previous lower prices, or do you sell them for their new higher market price?
Remember, we are not talking about the price of milk or even insulin; we are talking about Raspberry Pi 3Bs.
Raspberry pi’s are like milk to me
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The out of stock on the linking bundle is likely due to the global shortage of Raspberry Pi's - most places are out of stock on those for months. I normally keep a stack of them at home for linking projects on the southwest network, but I've had no luck getting them either short of buying the overpriced canakit starter kits.
If you have one laying around and get the USB interface direct; as wayoverthere mentioned, you can grab the myGMRS SD card preconfigured and ready to go from the store.
Of course you can spin it up on other hardware too - but that requires you're well versed in the workings of Asterisk and app_rpt. Switching AllStar or HamVoIP over to use myGMRS registration server and node list isn't terribly difficult but does need you to know what you're doing.
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This will be a premium feature on the new beta site that Rich is working on; it's in the works but not here yet.
- jhbass and rdunajewski
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Commercial radios can frequently do this - I have this set up to page my family in case they want to keep the radio muted from the every day chatter on the repeater, or I need to alert them when they're away from the radio. Take a look at 2-tone paging; it's robust and plays nicely with weaker signal strengths which is why it's popular with the various public safety agencies still on analog (it's the two long beeps you hear before the buzzer goes off at the fire station).
Other options that can do this include DTMF and AFSK (MDC/FleetSync) signalling.
edit: see http://genave.com/two-tone-paging/
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Most commercial radios have pinouts for COT and/or COR (valid tone & carrier received) - you could wire these up through a transistor or relay to turn on a light of any size when the radio receives a signal with either a correct CTCSS/DPL tone or any carrier for that matter.
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Hard to tell for sure, but it sounds promising - have you let Rich know what repeater 20201 corresponds to? Once that's in place you can see your connection on the map: https://mygmrs.network/map
When striking the connection, if it says 'Node XYZ connected to Node ABC" then you're good, if it says "connection failed" it obviously that's no good, and if it just beeps but doesn't say anything that means the registration data wasn't pulled in yet onto your node so it doesn't know what the node number means. So, if it says it connected as you mentioned, you're probably fine - it wont announce "Transceive," "Monitor," or "Repeat Only" unless you do a status check which is a different command.
Based on the nodelist: https://mygmrs.network/nodes
20201 shows up so it's maintaining registration with the myGMRS network, so that's good too.
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36 minutes ago, BoxCar said:
HF "bends" by reflecting from layers in the atmosphere. UHF doesn't reflect so is line of sight to the horizon.
In general it's good to plan on UHF being line of sight for reliability purposes. With that said, VHF and UHF can go beyond what you can see pretty readily. It's not going to bounce off the atmosphere (short of rare atmospheric conditions), but you do have refraction and reflection within the environment.
If you're standing on a perfect marble - yup it's going to go into space like you mention. Same for the most part with rolling hills or paths over sustained topography; it's what you can see for the most part.
Down in my neck of the woods (Tucson), there's a lot of isolated mountain ranges. If you're on the other side of a mountain and the topography is such that the top of the mountain forms a somewhat clean 'knife edge' between you and another station roughly perpendicular to your path; the signal can actually bend over the top pretty easily and you can get a pretty appreciable signal even thought here's a huge mass of rock in your way.
Likewise, UHF can also reflect on large planar-ish surfaces such as rock faces. I have a few repeaters I can hit/hear from Phoenix at my house decently (over in the northern end of Tucson) even though I have a small mountain range in the way. When I point the yagi at Pusch ridge (a large rock face/cliff formation about 15 miles from my location), they actually come in with a solid signal, if I try and point it at the direct path to the repeater, it's nothing but noise. Plotting the path on Google Earth actually revealed that this rock face is at almost a perfect angle to act as a reflector in this direction where both my station and the repeater have line of sight to it, but not between my station and the repeater directly. This has actually proven to be a reliable tool for me for hitting those machines - works every time.
- DeoVindice, axorlov and Radioguy7268
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20 hours ago, DarkHelmet said:
No, The website this "network" is running is broken. You should never allow invalid certs.
It's a bit more convoluted than that: https://scotthelme.co.uk/lets-encrypt-old-root-expiration/
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31 minutes ago, Hosted said:
I did not have a polyphaser on my list. Is there one that is recommended over others? I see a polyphaser brand as well as a cheap version on Amazon.
Stick with they PolyPhaser, there's a reason they're the industry standard. Check out the IS-50NX-C2; however there's other configurations available as well.
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1 hour ago, DownEastNC said:
Can you double check this statement? According to this topic and some other sources on the internet, it doesn't sound like a repeater id is necessary as long as everyone using the repeater self identifies with their call sign.
See:
Quote§ 95.1751 GMRS station identification.
Each GMRS station must be identified by transmission of its FCC-assigned call sign at the end of transmissions and at periodic intervals during transmissions except as provided in paragraph (c) of this section. A unit number may be included after the call sign in the identification.
(a) The GMRS station call sign must be transmitted:
(1) Following a single transmission or a series of transmissions; and,
(2) After 15 minutes and at least once every 15 minutes thereafter during a series of transmissions lasting more than 15 minutes.
(b) The call sign must be transmitted using voice in the English language or international Morse code telegraphy using an audible tone.
(c) Any GMRS repeater station is not required to transmit station identification if:
(1) It retransmits only communications from GMRS stations operating under authority of the individual license under which it operates; and,
(2) The GMRS stations whose communications are retransmitted are properly identified in accordance with this section.
I interpret "it retransmits only communications from GMRS stations operating under authority of the individual licensed under which it operates" as individuals authorized to use the repeater owner's license only (ie. authorized family members). Then for bullet number two, you can't guarantee that everyone using your repeater will identify properly especially if you turn it open to the licensed public, so it's best practice to have the machine ID on that merit alone.
The only time you're in the clear if the repeater doesn't identify is if it's a private, family-use-only repeater and everyone ID's.
Sauce: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-95#95.1751
There was a comment a ways up about intentionally not having repeaters ID to keep them unknown - while I understand the sentiment, it's a bad idea in the sense that GMRS doesn't have a frequency coordination body. Since we're all supposed to play nice and not cause interference, self-coordination becomes more difficult if your machine is undetectable; I can't avoid a repeater if I have no way of knowing it's there. List it on myGMRS and have it beacon if you want to discourage other users from parking others on the same frequency, then use split tones or other mechanisms to lock it down to your use only, otherwise don't be surprised if someone shows up with their own repeater on the same frequency one day. The beacon can be less frequent than the 'active traffic' identifying requirement; even if you do it on the hour or every few hours it's enough to be noticed by someone monitoring for a free frequency pair.
- DownEastNC and WRKC935
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Just a heads up, and this should only affect older or nodes running self configured software (such as Debian 9, or modified HamVoIP or ASL builds). It appears the issuing authority for the myGMRS TLS certificates (LetsEncrypt) is no longer playing nicely with certain older systems, so certain nodes are no longer pulling in the node list or posting statistics to the mygmrs network map.
If your node is no longer showing up on the mygmrs.network map or able to connect to other nodes otherwise on the network; the easiest workaround I know of is to not have it check for certificates, by modifying as follows:
rpt.conf: your statpost_program should be as follows:
statpost_program=/usr/bin/wget,-q,--timeout=5,--tries=1,--no-check-certificate,--output-document=/dev/nullIf you do not have this string, add it - the main change is the addition of --no-check-certificate, the other stuff is to keep you from spamming the mygmrs server in case there's network issues.
Node list: depending on your mechanisms for pulling in the nodes list (https://mygmrs.network/nodes)
- If you're using usr/local/bin/rc.updatenodelist - you'll need to add "--no-check-certificate" to the calls to wget in that file. I don't use this mechanism, so if someone wants to take a stab at modifying that one and posting it here I'm sure it'd be appreciated.
- If you're using wget in a cron job - add "--no-check-certificate" to the line you have for that
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17 minutes ago, MichaelLAX said:
...appreciate...
I guess that depends on what 935 was initially alluding to, but I'll leave that to you two to figure out.
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On 9/24/2021 at 11:57 AM, MichaelLAX said:
What's wrong with that?
Running a GMRS station (a repeater is considered a station) with the intent of selling subscriber access for-profit isn't legal per 97.1705:
Quote(f) Cooperative use of GMRS stations. GMRS licensees may share the use of their stations with other persons eligible in the GMRS, subject to the conditions and limitations in this paragraph.
(1) The GMRS station to be shared must be individually owned by the licensee, jointly owned by the participants and the licensee, leased individually by the licensee, or leased jointly by the participants and the licensee.
(2) The licensee must maintain access to and control over all stations authorized under its license.
(3) A station may be shared only:
(i) Without charge;
(ii) On a non-profit basis, with contributions to capital and operating expenses including the cost of mobile stations and paging receivers prorated equitably among all participants; or
(iii) On a reciprocal basis, i.e., use of one licensee's stations for the use of another licensee's stations without charge for either capital or operating expenses.
(4) All sharing arrangements must be conducted in accordance with a written agreement to be kept as part of the station records.
Charging for using the repeater itself isn't against the rules, but costs collected should only go towards running, purchasing, and maintaining the equipment; it can't be padding someone's pocketbook.
source: https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-47/chapter-I/subchapter-D/part-95/subpart-E/section-95.1705
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RG8x is better than RG58 but is still terrible for UHF - spring for the LMR400; it'll give you a noticeable boost in performance. It's worth the cost: https://abrind.com/product-category/abr400-solid-ultraflex-assemblies/
I can't comment first hand on the antenna; but the Browing BR-6353 works well at GMRS for what it is, it's only slightly more than the TWAYRADIO brand: https://www.theantennafarm.com/catalog/index.php?main_page=product_info&products_id=3580&gclid=Cj0KCQjwkbuKBhDRARIsAALysV7PYMkBxYiCxyoQ5dSVENW9I2CnZc0eMgrFmNlvt_oP7ufbQQW9qdYaAiPhEALw_wcB. It's fully welded and pre-tuned, it's surprisingly tough for how cheap it is. I recommend getting away from Amazon when shopping for radio stuff.
Bonus points for the type N connectors too - while PL259's are also called "UHF" connectors it's because when they were designed UHF was anything above 30mhz; Type N is mechanically a better and lower loss connector, and are better for weatherproofing too.
edit:
Back on the coax; you're putting up a 7.1dBi yagi antenna, with 50' RG-8x you will lose 4.246db of that gain for a net system gain of 2.9db.
In contrast; with the LMR400 - you're 'only losing' 1.371dB for a net system gain of 5.7dB
For the hell of it - using RG-58 results in a net system gain of 0.2dB; it'd almost completely negate the benefit of your antenna to an isotropic radiator (which is below the performance of a basic dipole as it is already).
For reference; a basic dipole 'unity gain' antenna is 2.15dBi (aka 0.0dBd)
- axorlov, DeoVindice and WROA675
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What's this? Anyways - we had a repeater start hearing itself (Pecos 550) after we adjusted a few other things including shooting microwave internet over to the site to get rid of a link radio that had started acting up with the 4 hours of burn time we get almost daily now. It's been unlinked until we fix it - it's not a ping pong between different repeaters or a link radio/repeater, but an antenna noise issues with lack of adequate isolation on the filters after an antenna change. There's a return trip involved with that one unfortunately; nothing we can fix remotely.
- DeoVindice and wayoverthere
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If you have a spare PC you can use Zello in gateway mode and have it handle COR/PTT signalling via the com port - this is cheaper than the Solidtronic approach but arguably also a bulkier piece of equipment: https://support.zello.com/hc/en-us/articles/230749207-Enabling-radio-gateway-mode-in-Zello-for-Windows-free-app
You just need to add some +5V pull up resistors to the com port signaling and it'll work just fine.
You might want to get a hold of Cory or Buddy with the Midwest GMRS group - I know they're using the SolidTronic for their Zello gateway.
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So for reference; I just got done tuning up our portable repeater's duplexer for a campout next week with the local GMRS crew - this is a Celwave 633-6A-2N mobile duplexer, measurement device is an Anritsu MT8212B. This is measured through a couple extra fittings that are part of the normal install; so this adds a few tenths of a dB for insertion loss.
For 462.700 Mhz (TX side) - insertion loss is -1.52dB, with a high notch (nothing RX) at -81.72dB
For 467.700 Mhz (RX side) - insertion loss is -1.25dB, with a low notch (notching TX) at -87.97dB
Below are comparative measurements I took a while ago of a similar Celwave unit (left) vs. the chinesium Jesai/Fumei unit (right); you can see the difference - the cheap stuff is unfortunately garbage at the 5mhz split:
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@WRNA236 - yup here it is: https://docs.fcc.gov/public/attachments/FCC-19-126A1.pdf
At first glance Pages 12 and 23 or of interest; with the limits imposed by the table on Page 23 you're probably okay but it's not a blanket exemption to automatically put everyone in the clear unfortunately (except for handhelds). Awkward.
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@WRNA236 - so I've heard that 50 watt stations and less are exempt, along with mobile and portable stations; but I'll need to do some digging to confirm or deny that. GMRS may be exempt if that actually exists.
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33 minutes ago, n4gix said:
ERP = Effective Radiated Power
This is a measurement of the absolute power at the antenna. While the finals may be adjusted for 5watt output, by the time feed losses and filter losses are taken into account, there will be some loss of power.
Which as I pointed out in an earlier post is another flaw in the certification - they measured ERP alone because it was tested with an integral antenna so that's the right unit of measure and is appropriate in that configuration. But that's not what they're selling.
This radio is shipped to the consumer with a removable antenna, meaning we can hook up the gains to it. The radio should be tested also based on transmitter output, not just ERP, if they want to sell it with removable antennas.
See product as tested: https://fccid.io/2AJGM-P52UV/Internal-Photos/Internal-photos-5110431
edit:
For example; here's a report on a Kenwood TK3180 where it's done right. https://fccid.io/ALH37333110/RF-Exposure-Info/SAR-test-report-424905.pdf (SAR - exposure safety) and https://fccid.io/ALH37333110/Test-Report/test-report-424900.pdf (for emissions masks, based on conducted power, appropriate because of the removable antenna)
Multiple antennas tested, multiple batteries tested, and a max conducted power rating is given based on actual measurement. In contrast, the UV9G also gives a maximum rated transmitter power (not tested, based on manufacturer's claims) of 3.5W. 3.5W is not 5.0W and Baofeng knows this because they stated that - see https://fcc.report/FCC-ID/2AJGM-P52UV/5110426
Yeah the consumers buying these don't and shouldn't care about stuff this far down the paper trail, nor should they be expected to, in fact it would appear the FCC doesn't really scrutinize this enough since they're obviously letting this through the cracks until it hits the "rugged radios" kind of scale, but this is exactly why it's important for manufacturers to get it right and actually sell what they claim and what is legal.
- WRNA236 and Radioguy7268
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What is a fixed station
in Technical Discussion
Posted
A fixed station is one that’s not broken; I usually work on breaking my fixed station